Country of Origin — Australian Seafood Guide

Domain

Tier

Showing 86 of 86 sources

Stock status & management

Status of Australian Fish Stocks Reports 2024primary(2024)
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation · id: safs-2024
National stock assessment covering 100+ species across Commonwealth and state jurisdictions.
Harvest strategies for Commonwealth fisheriesprimary(2024)
Australian Fisheries Management Authority · id: afma-harvest-strategies
Bycatch and discarding policyprimary(2023)
Australian Fisheries Management Authority · id: afma-bycatch
NSW stock status reportsprimary(2024)
NSW Department of Primary Industries — Fisheries · id: nsw-dpi-stock
Victorian fisheries stock statusprimary(2024)
Victorian Fisheries Authority · id: vfa-stock
SA fisheries stock statusprimary(2024)
Primary Industries and Regions South Australia · id: pirsa-fisheries
Western Australian fisheries status reportsprimary(2024)
WA Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development · id: wa-dpird-fisheries
Queensland stock status reportsprimary(2024)
Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries · id: qld-fisheries
Tasmanian fisheries assessment reportsprimary(2024)
Tasmanian Department of Natural Resources and Environment / IMAS · id: tas-nre-fisheries
Northern Territory fisheries statusprimary(2024)
NT Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade — Fisheries · id: nt-fisheries
Western Australia Rock Lobster — first fishery certifiedprimary(2000)
Marine Stewardship Council · id: msc-wrl-2000
Queensland Spanner Crab Fishery — MSC certifiedprimary(2016)
Marine Stewardship Council · id: msc-spanner-crab
MSC certified Australian fisheriesprimary(2024)
Marine Stewardship Council · id: msc-registry
GoodFish — Australia's Sustainable Seafood Guidesecondary(2024)
Australian Marine Conservation Society · id: amcs-goodfish

Production & economics

Australian fisheries and aquaculture statistics 2023primary(2024)
ABARES (Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry) · id: abares-fisheries-stats
Annual statistical compendium covering volume, value, exports, employment.
Agricultural commodities and outlook — fisheriesprimary(2024)
ABARES · id: abares-outlook
Australian seafood industry — economic contributionprimary(2023)
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation · id: frdc-economic-contribution
Seafood industry profilesecondary(2024)
Seafood Industry Australia · id: sia-industry-profile
Sydney Fish Market daily wholesale pricessecondary(2024)
Sydney Fish Market · id: sfm-pricing
Indicative wholesale pricing; retail prices typically 2-3x higher.
Australian seafood workforce compositionprimary(2023)
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation · id: frdc-workforce
Tasmanian salmonid industry at a glancesecondary(2024)
Salmon Tasmania · id: tas-salmon-industry
Australia vs import supply-chain day estimateseditorial(2026)
Country of Origin (editorial analysis) · id: editorial-supply-chain
Derived estimate combining industry shipping schedules and cold-chain logistics; see per-species sources.
Indicative Australian retail price ranges per specieseditorial(2026)
Country of Origin (editorial analysis) · id: editorial-price-ranges
Synthesised from Sydney Fish Market, independent fishmonger surveys, and industry sources. Dated: 2026 Q1.

Trade data

International Trade in Goods (seafood)primary(2024)
Australian Bureau of Statistics · id: abs-trade-seafood
China-Australia Free Trade Agreementprimary(2024)
Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade · id: dfat-china-ftas
Australian seafood export overviewprimary(2024)
Austrade · id: austrade-seafood-exports
Approximately two-thirds of seafood consumed in Australia is importedestimate(2024)
Derived from ABARES / ABS (2023) · id: abs-seafood-imports-66pc
Widely cited industry figure; exact ratio varies 62–70% depending on season and species.

Nutrition

NUTTAB Australian Food Composition Databaseprimary(2019)
Food Standards Australia New Zealand · id: fsanz-nutrient-tables
Fish, oils, omega-3 and heart healthprimary(2023)
National Heart Foundation of Australia · id: heart-foundation-omega3
Australian Dietary Guidelinesprimary(2013)
National Health and Medical Research Council · id: nhmrc-dietary-guidelines
Healthy diet — fats and fatty acidsprimary(2020)
World Health Organization · id: who-omega3

Mercury, antibiotics & residues

Mercury in fish — consumer adviceprimary(2024)
Food Standards Australia New Zealand · id: fsanz-mercury-2024
Australian Total Diet Study — 25th Studyprimary(2019)
Food Standards Australia New Zealand · id: fsanz-tds
Chemicals in food — surveillance and standardsprimary(2024)
Food Standards Australia New Zealand · id: fsanz-residues
Antimicrobial residues in imported seafood — surveysprimary(2022)
Food Standards Australia New Zealand · id: fsanz-antibiotic-residues
Imported Food Inspection Scheme — test resultsprimary(2024)
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry · id: daff-imported-food
Mercury levels in commercial fish and shellfishprimary(2022)
US Food and Drug Administration · id: fda-mercury-fish
US reference for comparative mercury ranges in Australian-caught species.
FSANZ surveys + DAFF imported-food inspection — antibiotic detection in imported finfish & crustaceansestimate(2024)
Derived from FSANZ + DAFF data · id: estimate-antibiotic-detection
Detection rates synthesised across multiple FSANZ and DAFF survey cycles; individual species rates vary.

Labour & human rights

Seafood from Slaves — Pulitzer-winning AP investigationprimary(2015)
Associated Press · id: ap-investigation-2015
Trafficking in Persons Report 2024primary(2024)
United States Department of State · id: us-state-tip
Choppy Waters — distant-water fleet investigationssecondary(2020)
Greenpeace International · id: greenpeace-distant-water
Caught at Sea — forced labour and trafficking in fisheriesprimary(2013)
International Labour Organization · id: ilo-forced-labour-fishing
Thailand's seafood slavessecondary(2019)
Environmental Justice Foundation · id: ejf-thailand-shrimp

Environment & aquaculture

The world's mangroves — assessmentprimary(2023)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN · id: fao-mangroves
Sustainable Shrimp Farmingsecondary(2023)
WWF International · id: wwf-shrimp
Cyanide fishing in the Coral Trianglesecondary(2022)
Environmental Justice Foundation · id: greenpeace-cyanide
CO₂ emissions from commercial aviation 2023primary(2023)
International Council on Clean Transportation · id: icct-air-freight
Australian Marine Parks networkprimary(2024)
Parks Australia / DCCEEW · id: daff-mpa
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Zoning Plan 2003primary(2003)
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority · id: gbrmpa-zoning
Climate change impacts on Australian fisheriesprimary(2023)
CSIRO · id: csiro-climate-fisheries
Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS)primary(2024)
IMOS / University of Tasmania · id: imos
Transport emissions estimate for imported seafoodeditorial(2026)
Country of Origin (editorial analysis) · id: editorial-carbon-footprint
Combines ICCT air-freight emissions data with typical sea-freight modelling. Per-species detail varies.

Regulatory & legal

Modern Slavery Act 2018 (Cth)primary(2018)
Australian Government — Federal Register of Legislation · id: modern-slavery-act-2018
Competition and Consumer Act 2010 — Schedule 2 (ACL)primary(2010)
Australian Government — Federal Register of Legislation · id: acl-schedule-2
Fisheries Management Act 1991 (Cth)primary(1991)
Australian Government — Federal Register of Legislation · id: fisheries-management-act-1991
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999primary(1999)
Australian Government — Federal Register of Legislation · id: epbc-act-1999
Marine Order 504 — Certificates of operation and safety managementprimary(2023)
Australian Maritime Safety Authority · id: amsa-fishing-vessels
Seafood export controlsprimary(2024)
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry · id: aqis-export-controls

Labelling & mislabelling

Country of Origin Food Labelling Information Standard 2025primary(2025)
Australian Government — Federal Register of Legislation · id: info-standard-2025
Becomes enforceable 1 July 2026 for seafood for immediate consumption.
Country of Origin Food Labelling Information Standard 2016primary(2016)
Australian Government — Federal Register of Legislation · id: coolfi-standard
Country of origin claims guideprimary(2024)
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission · id: accc-food-labelling
Country of origin labellingprimary(2025)
Department of Industry, Science and Resources · id: industry-dept-cool
Seafood Fraud — Global Studies Compilationsecondary(2021)
Oceana · id: oceana-mislabelling
DNA testing of Australian restaurant seafoodsecondary(2022)
Australian Marine Conservation Society / Minderoo Foundation · id: amcs-dna
CHOICE investigation — prawn origin labelling at retailsecondary(2022)
CHOICE (Australian Consumers' Association) · id: choice-prawn-test
AS SSA 5300 — Australian Fish Names Standardprimary(2022)
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation · id: aff-fish-names-standard
AMCS / Oceana / academic mislabelling meta-estimate for Australian retail & foodserviceestimate(2023)
Derived from AMCS, Oceana, academic studies · id: estimate-mislabelling-rate
Published studies report 10–30% mislabelling at foodservice depending on category; headline figure varies.

Indigenous fisheries

Native Title Act 1993 (Cth)primary(1993)
Australian Government — Federal Register of Legislation · id: native-title-1993
Mabo v Queensland (No 2) [1992] HCA 23primary(1992)
High Court of Australia · id: mabo-1992
Akiba v Commonwealth [2013] HCA 33 — Torres Strait fishing rightsprimary(2013)
High Court of Australia · id: akiba-2013
North Australian Indigenous Land and Sea Management Alliancesecondary(2024)
NAILSMA · id: nailsma
Torres Strait Protected Zone Joint Authorityprimary(2024)
Australian Fisheries Management Authority / TSRA · id: torres-strait-plan
Ngarrindjeri Regional Authority — Coorong fisheriessecondary(2024)
Ngarrindjeri Regional Authority · id: coorong-coop
Northern Territory Indigenous Fisheries Strategyprimary(2022)
NT Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade · id: nt-indigenous-fisheries-strategy

Operators & peak bodies

Spencer Gulf & West Coast Prawn Boat Owners Associationsecondary(2024)
Spencer Gulf & West Coast Prawn Boat Owners Association · id: sa-prawn-coop
Australian Barramundi Farmers Association — industry datasecondary(2024)
Australian Barramundi Farmers Association · id: abfa-barramundi
Oysters Australia peak bodysecondary(2024)
Oysters Australia Ltd · id: oysters-australia
Fisheries Research and Development Corporationprimary(2024)
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation · id: frdc
Seafood Industry Australia — peak bodysecondary(2024)
Seafood Industry Australia · id: sia
Australian Recreational Fishing Foundationsecondary(2024)
ARFF · id: ammpa
National Aquaculture Council of Australiasecondary(2024)
National Aquaculture Council · id: nacc-aquaculture
OceanWatch Australiasecondary(2024)
OceanWatch Australia · id: oceanwatch
Professional Fishermen's Association NSWsecondary(2024)
Professional Fishermen's Association · id: nsw-fishing-coop

Journalism & investigations

ABC News — seafood origin labelling coveragesecondary(2024)
Australian Broadcasting Corporation · id: abc-seafood-origin
The Guardian — Tasmanian salmon industry coveragesecondary(2024)
Guardian Australia · id: guardian-salmon-tas
SBS Dateline — seafood fraud investigationssecondary(2022)
Special Broadcasting Service · id: sbs-food-fraud

How we handle data quality

Where authoritative numbers exist we use them and mark them primary. Where reputable NGOs or industry bodies are the best available source we mark those secondary. Where we synthesise a number (e.g. a 5-year price trend) we mark it estimate. Where the text is our own interpretation — e.g. "the genuine article" or "premium" — we mark it editorial. You'll see these badges on data values throughout the site.

To update a source, edit src/data/citations.ts — every page that references the citation id reflects the change on next build. Found a gap or an outdated source? Let us know.